EXPLORE YOUR INNATE CANNABIS

Synapse in endocannabinoid system

Words by Gian Carlo Molina
Did you know that we internally produce cannabinoids that will interact with the same system as cannabis? It is called the endocannabinoid system, endo- meaning inside or within, whereas cannabinoid was named after knowing the components of cannabis and its action in our body. The endocannabinoid system is commonly associated with the immune system, and it is vital to regulate stress responses, maintain homeostasis -the state of equilibrium in our body-, neurogenesis and neuroprotection. Neurogenesis refers to the birth of neurons, something that was merely a myth years ago. Neurogenesis and neuroprotection are two crucial components of the brain's plasticity, its ability to constantly mold itself in accordance with the environment and our experience.

In the brain, the chemical connections between neurons are called synapses and here is where chemical messengers -neurochemicals- are released to induce neural responses. This process can be regulated by certain receptors located in the neurons that can only be activated if a specific molecule is present. We can think about it using the lock and key analogy. A chemical molecule such as a drug will fit perfectly inside a pocket of the receptor rendering it active or opening the protein's channel to induce cellular responses and communicate information onto the next neuron. 

The human endocannabinoid system

Specifically, in the endocannabinoid system there are two types of receptors, CB1 and CB2. When molecules such as Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) -the active ingredient in cannabis-, Cannabidiol (CBD) and Cannabinol (CBN) are present they will interact with this system to mediate their actions by different mechanisms (as shown in the figure above). Interestingly, several scientists in the 1990s discovered two molecules -Anandamide and 2-Arachidonoyglycerol- which we produce normally in our body and interact with this system as cannabis does.

Currently, multiple scientific researchers are focused on characterizing the potential role of medicinal cannabis to modulate this sytem due to it neuroprotective, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Beyond applying marijuana to boost this system, there are other chemicals produced by our body such as oxytocin, the so-called love hormone, that also interact with the system acquiring potential medicinal value. Next time you feel relaxed, runner's high or simple an outburst to peaceful joy, your body might be activating your interior cannabis.